Creative Commons image by David Beach.
A cancer diagnosis is an overwhelming and scary experience to go through. In addition to battling the cancer, you also need to tackle side effects from the treatment, which can be difficult. If you or a loved one are going through cancer treatments, you might be surprised to learn how much they can affect your dental health. Here are some ways that cancer treatment can impact your teeth and gums.
Inflammation
Your mouth is made mostly of mucous membranes, and it’s common for mucous membranes to become inflamed and ulcerated during chemotherapy. Your mouth might be very sore and it can be difficult to eat. Some things that you can do to reduce inflammation is to eat soft, cool foods. Your dentist might also suggest that you swish a few times per day with a mild saline solution. This will help kill bacteria without irritating inflamed tissues. Rinse with plain water afterwards.
Infection
When gums get inflamed and sore, they can create pockets that bacteria thrive in. In addition, a sore mouth will be painful to brush and floss, so decay and infection can take hold. Finally, because your immune system will be suppressed during cancer treatment, this can further increase your risk of developing an oral infection. See your dentist at the first sign of infection (an acutely painful area, swelling, pus) so you can receive the appropriate treatment. You might need antibiotics. Carry a list of the medications you’re on and the number for your oncologist so your dentist can decide on the appropriate medication for you.
Tooth Loss
Your teeth might get loose or decayed during treatment. In some cases, extraction will be necessary. Your dentist will work with your oncologist and the rest of your health care team so this can be done safely. He or she will also work with you to get those teeth replaced as soon as feasible.
Poor Nutrition
While this is not a dental side effect, it’s often difficult for patients to get the nutrition they need during chemotherapy and radiation. Your body will use nutrients differently, you might be feeling too sick to eat, and your mouth may be painful. It’s important to work with a nutritionist to ensure that you’re getting the nutrients that your body needs. Talk to your dentist if eating is painful, as he or she will probably have suggestions for you to make it easier.
Dry Mouth
Many medications, including the ones used for cancer treatment, can cause an unpleasantly dry mouth. This is uncomfortable and it can make food taste unpleasant. Try sipping water frequently and sucking on sugar-free lozenges to relieve your symptoms.
Cancer treatment is often unpleasant, but it can extend your life and, in some cases, cure your cancer. Talk to your doctors and dentist about any side effects you are having that are impacting your life. Your dentist is a valuable part of your health care team and he or she can help you stay comfortable as you go through treatment and beyond.
